Glossary

This page collects terms, acronyms, and system names that come up across the Digital Collections documentation. It is meant as a quick reference for new team members — deeper documentation for many of these systems lives in Cultural Heritage Collections, Legacy Infrastructure, Software, and Systems, and the applications/ and workflows/ sections of this site.

Archipelago-specific terminology (ADO, AMI, Strawberry Field, TWIG, and friends) has its own glossary at Terminology; the most load-bearing of those terms are also summarized below for convenience.

ADO

Archipelago Digital Object. Any digital object or digital object collection managed in Archipelago. Every ADO has a type (or worktype), such as “Book” or “Image”, that determines how it is displayed.

AMI

Archipelago Multi-Importer. The module used to batch ingest ADOs into Archipelago from a spreadsheet.

ARK

Archival Resource Key. A persistent identifier scheme used to provide long-term, stable access to digital objects even if their storage location changes. We mint ARKs via EZID. See Minting ARKs with EZID.

Avalon

Avalon Media System, the platform used to deliver streaming audio and video collections, built on Fedora.

Cantaloupe

The IIIF image server used to serve zoomable, deep-viewable images for our digital collections.

CAP

Curator’s Administration Platform. An in-house, open-source application that provides a common UI and API for institutional repositories participating in a Digital Asset Management Ecosystem.

CWS

Creative Works Series. An ADO type used for multi-page or multi-part objects (such as a book) where individual pages or parts need to be browsed and, in some cases, programmatically paired with OCR/HTR text.

DOI

Digital Object Identifier. A persistent identifier commonly used for journal articles, datasets, and other scholarly outputs, often minted through EZID or OJS.

DPMT

Digital Project Management Team. The cross-functional team responsible for reviewing, prioritizing, and shepherding digitization and digital collection projects from intake through completion. See the DPMT process documentation for how projects move through the team.

DSpace

The open-source repository platform that powers OAKTrust, our institutional repository.

EZID

A persistent identifier service (provided by the California Digital Library) that we use to mint and manage ARK and DOI identifiers.

Fedora

The repository backend used for cultural heritage collections (served through SAGE or Spotlight) and for audio/video collections served through Avalon.

HOCR

An HTML-based format for representing OCR output, including the position of recognized text on a page image. Used to align searchable text with page images in multi-page objects.

HPRC

Texas A&M High Performance Research Computing. The campus unit providing the computational infrastructure that supports our AI/ML initiatives.

HTR

Handwritten Text Recognition. Similar to OCR, but for transcribing handwritten materials such as manuscripts and correspondence.

IDEA Document

The proposal document a stakeholder submits to DPMT to request a new digital project. It kicks off the DPMT intake and review process.

IIIF

International Image Interoperability Framework. A set of open standards for delivering high-resolution images and audio/video in an interoperable way, served here via Cantaloupe and viewed via Mirador.

irIIIFService

An in-house IIIF Presentation API implementation designed to work with our DSpace and Fedora content models.

MAGPIE

Metadata Assignment GUI Providing Ingest and Export App. Our primary in-house tool for ingesting SAF-modeled data into Fedora.

OAKTrust

Texas A&M University’s open access institutional repository, built on DSpace, used to collect, preserve, and share the scholarly output of the University and its partners.

OCR

Optical Character Recognition. Automated extraction of machine-readable text from images of printed material.

OJS

Open Journal Systems. The platform (via our partnership with the TDL) used to launch, host, and manage open-access journals published at Texas A&M.

ORCID

Open Researcher and Contributor ID. A persistent identifier for individual researchers, used to disambiguate authors and link them to their scholarly output.

RAG

Retrieval-Augmented Generation. A technique that combines a language model with a search/ retrieval step over a document collection, used to support advanced querying of digital collections.

ROR

Research Organization Registry. A persistent identifier for research institutions, used in OJS to identify author affiliations.

SAF

Simple Archive Format. A DSpace-defined file/folder structure for batch importing items and their metadata, commonly generated with our SAF Creator tool.

SAGE

One of the delivery systems used to serve cultural heritage collections built on Fedora.

Spotlight

A Blacklight-based tool used to build online exhibits from digital collections.

Strawberry Field

An Archipelago descriptive metadata field made up of several individual Archipelago fields combined together.

TDL

Texas Digital Library. A consortium the Libraries partner with to host and support open-access journal publishing.

TWIG

The template engine Archipelago uses to extract metadata from an ADO’s JSON and render it for display.

WCAG

Web Content Accessibility Guidelines. The standard we design digital collections and exhibits against to meet ADA Title II accessibility requirements.